GUIDE TO WORLD CRUDES
Thi ChangHibernia crude, a light, sweet Canadian crude, has a gravity of 35° API and a sulfur content of 0.37 wt %.
Refining/Petrochemical Editor
The crude is from the Hibernia sandstone formation. The Hibernia oil field is 315 km east southeast of St. John's, Newf. Since August 1997, six new wells have been completed: four oil producers and two water injectors.
Before yearend, Hibernia expects to complete five more wells: two oil producers, two water injectors, and one gas injector.
The Hibernia owners are Mobil Oil Canada Properties (33.125%), Chevron Canada Resources (26.875%), Petro Canada (20%), Canada Hibernia Holding Corp. (8.5%), Murphy Oil (6.5%), and Norsk Hydro (5%).
The owners' crude is being marketed to U.S. refineries on the East and Gulf coasts as well as to Eastern Canada and Europe. Completion of a terminal at Whiffen Head in Placentia Bay is expected in the fourth quarter of this year. The terminal will facilitate transshipment of oil produced from Hibernia and other Grand Banks fields.
The following assay was completed by Mobil Technology Co., based on four sample assays from four producing wells in July 1998. The asterisk (*) indicates that the value may have been influenced by manner of sampling or sampling handling.
Whole crude
Gravity, °API: 35.0 Sulfur, wt %: 0.37 Pour point, upper, °F.: 35 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 1.82 Aniline point, °F.: 169.9 Hydrogen sulfide,* ppm: 0 Neutralization number, total acid (D664): 0.07 Salt content,* lb/1,000 bbl: 29.6 Nitrogen, total, ppm: 1,123 Nickel, ppm: 1 Vanadium, ppm: 1 Copper, ppm: N/A Rvp,* psi: 5.15 Carbon, wt %: 86.1 Hydrogen, wt %: 13.42 Carbon to hydrogen ratio: 6.42 Viscosity @ 15° C. cSt: 18.28 Viscosity @ 40° C. cSt: 5.61 Viscosity @ 50° C. cSt: 3.79Light naphtha
Range, °F.: 120-165 Yield, vol %: 2.26 Yield, wt %: 1.83 Gravity, °API: 73.59 Sulfur, wt %: 0.0009 Nitrogen, ppm: 0.1 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0 Nickel, ppm: 0 Vanadium, ppm: 0 UOP K factor: 12.2 Rvp, psi: 6.5 Cetane index: 0 Paraffins, vol %: 70.2 Naphthenes, vol %: 24.5 Aromatics, vol %: 5.4 Paraffins, wt %: 66 Naphthenes, wt %: 27.1 Aromatics, wt %: 7 RON, clear: 70.2 MON, clear: 65.8 Naphthalenes, vol %: 0Heavy naphtha
Range, °F.: 165-320 Yield, vol %: 15.45 Yield, wt %: 13.59 Gravity, °API: 57.68 Sulfur, wt %: 0.0013 Nitrogen, ppm: 0.1 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0 Nickel, ppm: 0 Vanadium, ppm: 0 UOP K factor: 11.9 Rvp, psi: 1.5 Cetane index: 20 Paraffins, vol %: 53.8 Naphthenes, vol %: 31.1 Aromatics, vol %: 15.2 Paraffins, wt %: 49.9 Naphthenes, wt %: 32 Aromatics, wt %: 18 RON, clear: 57.1 MON, clear: 53.3 Naphthalenes, vol %: 0Kerosine
Range, °F.: 320-500.1 Yield, vol %: 18.19 Yield, wt %: 17.3 Gravity, °API: 43.55 Sulfur, wt %: 0.0171 Nitrogen, ppm: 2 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0 Nickel, ppm: 0 Vanadium, ppm: 0 UOP K factor: 11.7 Rvp, psi: 0.1 Flash point, °F. (Pensky-Martens): 134 Cetane index: 43 Cloud point (correlated), °F.: -54 Paraffins, vol %: 47 Naphthenes, vol %: 34.8 Aromatics, vol %: 18.4 Paraffins, wt %: 43.8 Naphthenes, wt %: 35.6 Aromatics, wt %: 20.6 Naphthalenes, vol %: 2.5 Freeze point, °F.: -53 Pour point, °F.: -55 Smoke point, mm: 22.2 Aniline pt, °F.: 135.1 Viscosity @ 20° C., cSt: 1.91 Viscosity @ 40° C., cSt: 1.24 Viscosity @ 50° C., cSt: 1.12 Viscosity @ 100° C., cSt: 0.76 Viscosity @ 150° C., cSt: 0.5 Viscosity @ 60° F., cSt: 2.42 Viscosity @ 210° F., cSt: 0.76Diesel oil
Range, °F.: 500.1-650 Yield, vol %: 15.22 Yield, wt %: 15.17 Gravity, °API: 35.6 Sulfur, wt %: 0.168 Nitrogen, ppm: 62.8 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0 Nickel, ppm: 0 Vanadium, ppm: 0 UOP K factor: 11.8 Flash point, °F. (Pensky-Martens): 264 Cetane index: 52 Cloud point (correlated), °F.: 18 Naphthalenes, vol %: 8.1 Freeze point, °F.: 21 Pour point, °F.: 15 Smoke point, mm: 17.4 Aniline pt, °F.: 161.2 Viscosity @ 20° C., cSt: 6.61 Viscosity @ 40° C., cSt: 3.47
Viscosity @ 50° C., cSt: 2.98
Viscosity @ 100° C., cSt: 1.39
Viscosity @ 150° C., cSt: 0.86
Viscosity @ 60° F., cSt: 6.93
Viscosity @ 210° F., cSt: 1.42
Vacuum gas oil
Range, °F.: 650-1,000 Yield, vol %: 28.17 Yield, wt %: 29.75 Gravity, °API: 26.13 Sulfur, wt %: 0.4877 Nitrogen, ppm: 987.4 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 0.06 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 0 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0 Nickel, ppm: 0.1 Vanadium, ppm: 0 UOP K factor: 12.1 Cloud point (correlated), °F.: 96 Refractive index @ 70° C: 1.47804 Neutralization number: 0.18 Viscosity @ 20° C., cSt: 72.77 Viscosity @ 40° C., cSt: 26.28 Viscosity @ 50° C., cSt: 18.81 Viscosity @ 100° C., cSt: 4.77 Viscosity @ 150° C., cSt: 2.59 Viscosity @ 60° F., cSt: 94.62 Viscosity @ 210° F., cSt: 4.91Vacuum residue
Range, °F.: 1,000+ Yield, vol %: 17.25 Yield, wt %: 19.7 Gravity, °API: 14.22 Sulfur, wt %: 1.0578 Nitrogen, ppm: 4,218.9 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 9.62 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 1.6 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0.6 Nickel, ppm: 3.4 Vanadium, ppm: 2.4 Pour point °F.: 100 Viscosity @ 20° C., cSt: 77,780.12 Viscosity @ 40° C., cSt: 13,035.86 Viscosity @ 50° C., cSt: 5,225.86 Viscosity @ 100° C., cSt: 214.92 Viscosity @ 150° C., cSt: 35.14 Viscosity @ 210° F., cSt: 245.26Atmospheric residue
Range, °F.: 650+ Yield, vol %: 45.42 Yield, wt %: 49.45 Gravity, °API: 21.38 Sulfur, wt %: 0.7149 Nitrogen, ppm: 2,274.9 Conradson carbon residue, wt %: 3.87 Asphaltenes (C5), wt %: 0.6 Asphaltenes (C7), wt %: 0.2 Nickel, ppm: 1.4 Vanadium, ppm: 1 Pour point, °F.: 95 Viscosity @ 20° C., cSt: 554.85 Viscosity @ 40° C., cSt: 140.54 Viscosity @ 50° C., cSt: 85.74 Viscosity @ 100° C., cSt: 15.25 Viscosity @ 150° C., cSt: 5.51 Viscosity @ 210° F., cSt: 30.6Copyright 1998 Oil & Gas Journal. All Rights Reserved.
