Based on a sample taken Aug. 1, 2022, Equinor ASA on Aug. 24 issued an updated commercial assay of Troll Blend crude to better represent the quality of this blend to its customers.
Troll oil and gas field lies in the northern part of the North Sea, about 65 km west of Kollsnes, near Bergen, and comprises the main Troll Øst and Troll Vest structures in Blocks 31/2, 31/3, 31/5, and 31/6. Block 31/2 contains 32% of Troll field’s reserves. Troll B, a floating process and accommodation platform with concrete hull, and Troll C, a floating process and accommodation platform with a steel hull, produce from thin oil-bearing layers in the Troll Vest reservoir.
In August 2021, Equinor and its partners increased production from Troll field with startup of new installations and modifications as part of Troll Phase 3 (OGJ Online, Aug. 30, 2021). Enabling recoverable volumes of as much as 347 billion cu m of gas (2.2 billion boe), Troll Phase 3 included adding two subsea templates and drilling eight production wells targeting reserves from the gas cap of Troll Vest which now collectively tie back via a 36-in. pipeline to the Troll A platform installed during the field’s first development phase to handle gas produced from Troll Øst.
Gas from Troll Øst and Troll Vest is transported through three multiphase pipelines to the gas processing plant at Kollsnes, where condensate is separated from gas and transported by pipeline to the Mongstad terminal. Dry gas is transported in Zeepipe II A and II B to Zeebrugge in Belgium, with oil from Troll B and Troll C—the latter of which receives production from tied-in Fram, Fram H-Nord, and Byrding fields—transported in Troll Oil Pipelines I and II, respectively, to the oil terminal at Mongstad (OGJ Online, July 19, 2021).
Troll production comes from Late Jurassic Sognefjord and Middle Jurassic Fensfjord sandstone encountered 1,300-1,400 m below sea level.
In 2021, the field produced an average 737,630 boe/d of oil, gas, and NGLs, with production during the first 6 months of 2022 averaging about 378,040 boe/d, according to the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate.
Equinor Energy AS, operator, holds a 30.58% interest. Other interests are Petoro AS, 56%; Norske Shell AS, 8.10%; TotalEnergies E&P Norge AS, 3.69%; and ConocoPhillips Scandinavia AS, 1.62%.
Whole crude
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.843
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 36.3
UOP K factor: 11.9
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.167
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 1.0
Total nitrogen, ppm: 583
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 165.000
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.49
Reid vapor pressure, psi: 5.6
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 6.48
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 3.59
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2.82
Paraffins, wt %: 36.4
Naphthenes, wt %: 35.5
Aromatics, wt %: 28.1
Pour point, °C.: -1
Wax, wt %: 8.5
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 1.0
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 0.9
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 0.6
Nickel, ppm (wt): 0.6
Methane + ethane, wt %: 0.06
Propane, wt %: 0.38
iso-Butane, wt %: 0.29
n-Butane, wt %: 0.87
iso-Pentane, wt %: 0.74
n-Pentane, wt %: 1.03
Cyclopentane, wt %: 0.16
C6 paraffins, wt %: 2.16
C6 naphthenes, wt %: 2.29
Benzene, wt %: 0.43
C7 paraffins, wt %: 1.91
C7 naphthenes, wt %: 3.11
Toulene, wt %: 1.03
Atmospheric distillation Pentanes to 65° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.1
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.0
Cumulative yield, wt %: 4.7
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.646
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 87.4
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.1
RON (clear): 78.4
MON (clear): 77.4
Paraffins, wt %: 94.0
Naphthenes, wt %: 6.0
Hydrogen, wt %: 16.5
65 - 100° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 6.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.4
Cumulative yield, wt %: 11.1
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.730
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 62.2
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.4
RON (clear): 63.3
MON (clear): 60.5
Paraffins, wt %: 46.2
Naphthenes, wt %: 47.1
Aromatics, wt %: 6.7
Hydrogen, wt %: 14.8
100 - 150° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 10.8
Yield on crude, vol %: 11.7
Cumulative yield, wt %: 21.6
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.776
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 50.9
UOP K factor: 11.5
Sulfur, ppm: 0.002
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.5
RON (clear): 65.5
MON (clear): 61.8
Paraffins, wt %: 32.1
Naphthenes, wt %: 43.1
Aromatics, wt %: 24.8
Aniline point, °C.: 43.9
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.6
150 - 200° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 8.5
Yield on crude, vol %: 9.0
Cumulative yield, wt %: 30.4
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.798
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 45.7
UOP K factor: 11.7
Sulfur, ppm: 0.009
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 0.8
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.01
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 1.23
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 0.96
RON (clear): 41.9
MON (clear): 38.8
Paraffins, wt %: 41.6
Naphthenes, wt %: 35.0
Aromatics, wt %: 23.3
Freeze point, °C.: -64
Smoke point, mm: 22
Cetane index: 34
Naphthalenes, vol %: 0.4
Aniline point, °C.: 47.6
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.9
200 - 250° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 8.7
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.8
Cumulative yield, wt %: 39.1
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.833
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 38.4
UOP K factor: 11.6
Sulfur, ppm: 0.024
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 1.4
Total nitrogen, ppm: 2
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 0.356
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.04
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 1.68
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 1.44
Pour point, °C.: -49
Cloud point, °C.: -48
Freeze point, °C.: -45
Smoke point, mm: 19
Cetane index: 40
Naphthalenes, vol %: 4.4
Aniline point, °C.: 56.1
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.4
250 - 300° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 10.7
Yield on crude, vol %: 10.5
Cumulative yield, wt %: 49.8
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.859
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 33.1
UOP K factor: 11.6
Sulfur, ppm: 0.061
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 1.4
Total nitrogen, ppm: 6
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 2.626
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.11
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 2.99
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2.45
Pour point, °C.: -29
Cloud point, °C.: -28
Freeze point, °C.: -23
Smoke point, mm: 15
Cetane index: 46
Naphthalenes, vol %: 9.4
Aniline point, °C.: 62.5
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.0
300 - 350° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 11.0
Yield on crude, vol %: 10.6
Cumulative yield, wt %: 60.8
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.878
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 29.6
UOP K factor: 11.7
Sulfur, ppm: 0.161
Total nitrogen, ppm: 47
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 21.900
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.41
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 6.32
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 4.85
Pour point, °C.: -4
Cloud point, °C.: -3
Cetane index: 52
Naphthalenes, vol %: 13.6
Aniline point, °C.: 69.4
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.9
350 - 370° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 3.4
Cumulative yield, wt %: 64.4
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.887
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 28.0
UOP K factor: 11.8
Sulfur, ppm: 0.217
Total nitrogen, ppm: 161
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 64.730
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.68
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 12.70
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 9.16
Pour point, °C.: 12
Cetane index: 59
Aniline point, °C.: 77.2
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.8
370° + C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 35.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 32.3
Cumulative yield, wt %: 100.0
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.926
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 21.2
UOP K factor: 12.0
Sulfur, ppm: 0.369
Total nitrogen, ppm: 1,602
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 450.000
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.87
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 128.00
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 74.3
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 15.50
Pour point, °C.: 37
Wax, wt %: 17.5
C7 asphaltenes, wt %: 0.1
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 2.9
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 2.6
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 1.6
Nickel, ppm (wt): 1.6
Vacuum distillation 370 - 450° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 13.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 12.7
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.899
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 25.9
UOP K factor: 11.9
Sulfur, ppm: 0.237
Total nitrogen, ppm: 425
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 143.900
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.77
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 23.00
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 15.9
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 5.34
Pour point, °C.: 29
Aniline point, °C.: 87.7
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.8
Wax, wt %: 22.9
450 - 500° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 7.2
Yield on crude, vol %: 6.6
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.914
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 23.2
UOP K factor: 12.1
Sulfur, ppm: 0.295
Total nitrogen, ppm: 847
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 249.100
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.96
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 64.90
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 40.3
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 10.10
Pour point, °C.: 44
Aniline point, °C.: 95.1
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.8
Wax, wt %: 19.6
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 0.1
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 0.1
500 - 550° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 5.5
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.9
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.928
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 20.9
UOP K factor: 12.1
Sulfur, ppm: 0.379
Total nitrogen, ppm: 1,375
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 366.400
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 1.11
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 187.00
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 104.0
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 19.40
Pour point, °C.: 51
Aniline point, °C.: 96.6
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.7
Wax, wt %: 16.2
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 1.0
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 1.0
550° + C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 9.5
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.1
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.976
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 13.3
UOP K factor: 12.1
Sulfur, ppm: 0.610
Total nitrogen, ppm: 3,991
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 1,088.800
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.81
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 265.00
Vis. at 130° C., cst: 64.1
Pour point, °C.: 38
Wax, wt %: 9.0
C7 asphaltenes, wt %: 0.5
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 10.4
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 9.1
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 5.9
Nickel, ppm (wt): 6.1
