GUIDE TO WORLD CRUDES: Australia's Cossack crude oil is light and sweet

Anne K. Rhodes
Refining/Petrochemical Editor

Cossack TBP Distillation [68356 bytes]

In early 1995, the characteristics of Australia's light, sweet Cossack crude were analyzed. The 47° API, 0.03 wt % crude oil is produced off the coast of Western Australia. Woodside Petroleum Pty. Group started production from the Wanaea/Cossack complex in late 1995. Woodside expected combined output from the fields to reach 115,000 b/d oil and 100 MMcfd gas by the end of that year. However, reports on current levels are not available. The twin fields are 7 km apart about 130 km off the northwest coast of Western Australia. Combined reserves are 233 million bbl oil and 245 bcf gas. Wanea is produced from five conventional subsea wells and Cossack from one horizontal subsea well. The crude flows through flexible lines to a subsea manifold, from which it is transferred to the Cossack Pioneer floating production, storage, and offloading vessel for processing and tanker loading (OGJ, Nov. 27, 1995, Newsletter). Associated gas is separated aboard the Pioneer and sent through a 33-km subsea pipeline to the North Rankin A gas platform. From there, it is delivered to the onshore treatment plant of the Northwest Shelf LNG complex. Table 1 shows the true boiling point distillation data for Cossack.

Cossack

FPS, Northwest Australia

Whole crude
Gravity, °API: 47.3
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.7912
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.7908
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.03
Mercaptan S, ppm: 2
Total nitrogen, ppm: 310
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 100
Rvp, kPa (psi): 44.25 (6.4)
Pour point, °C.: -18
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.04
Wax content, wt %: 2.5
UOP K factor: 11.9
Kin. visc. @ 20° C., cSt: 1.841
Kin. visc. @ 40° C., cSt: 1.450
Concarbon residue, wt %: 0.25
Gross heating value, MJ/kg: 46.41
Net heating value, MJ/kg: 43.42
Ash content, wt %: <0.01
Asphaltenes, wt %: 0.05
V/Ni, ppm: <1/1
Cu/Fe/Na, ppm: <1/<1/<1

Light ends
Ethane, vol %: 0.04
Propane, vol %: 0.53
iso-Butane, vol %: 0.54
n-Butane, vol %: 1.45
2,2-Dimethylpropane, vol %: 0.02
iso-Pentane, vol %: 1.9
n-Pentane, vol %: 2.66
C1-C4, vol %: 2.56

Range, °C. (°F.): 15.5-70 (59.9-158)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 2.9-11.7 (2.1-9.3)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 8.8 (7.2)
Gravity, °API: 86.2
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.6501
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.6500
Molecular weight, g/mole: 82.5
Sulfur, wt %: <0.01
Mercaptan S, ppm: <1
Rvp, kPa (psi): 96.50 (14.0)
n-Paraffins, vol %: 49.33
iso-Paraffins, vol %: 41.45
Naphthenes, vol %: 9.14
Aromatics, vol %: 0.08
RON: 69.6
MON: 66.2

Range, °C. (°F.): 70-140 (158-284)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 11.7-35.6 (9.3-31.6)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 23.9 (22.3)
Gravity, °API: 60.8
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.7359
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.7356
Molecular weight, g/mole: 101.7
Sulfur, wt %: <0.01
Mercaptan S, ppm: <1
Rvp, kPa (psi): 13.50 (1.95)
n-Paraffins, vol %: 26.60
iso-Paraffins, vol %: 25.78
Naphthenes, vol %: 43.59
Aromatics, vol %: 2.64
Unidentified, vol %: 1.40
RON: 53.0
MON: 50.6

Range, °C. (°F.): 140-190 (284-374)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 35.6-48.7 (31.6-44.5)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 13.1 (12.9)
Gravity, °API: 51.4
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.7736
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.7733
Molecular weight, g/mole: 131.4
Sulfur, wt %: <0.01
Mercaptan S, ppm: <1
Kin. visc. @ -20° C., cSt: 2.12
Kin. visc. @ 20° C., cSt: 1.099
Kin. visc. @ 40° C., cSt: 0.860
n-Paraffins, vol %: 29.97
iso-Paraffins, vol %: 20.31
Naphthenes, vol %: 38.72
Aromatics, vol %: 11.00
Aromatics (FIA), vol %: 13.0
Naphthalenes, vol %: 0.03
RON: 26.0
MON: 28.0
Freeze pt., °C.: -70
Smoke pt., mm: 31.0

Range, °C. (°F.): 140-260 (284-500)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 35.6-67.3 (31.6-63.7)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 31.7 (32.1)
Gravity, °API: 45.8
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.7982
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.7978
Molecular weight, g/mole: 153.5
Sulfur, wt %: <0.01
Mercaptan S, ppm: <1
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.04
Kin. visc. @ -20° C., cSt: 4.370
Kin. visc. @ 20° C., cSt: 1.756
Kin. visc. @ 40° C., cSt: 1.283
Aromatics (FIA), vol %: 14.5
Naphthalenes, vol %: 2.21
Freeze pt., °C.: -47.0
Smoke pt., mm: 26.0
Flash pt., °C.: 46.5
Hydrogen content, wt %: 14.07
Copper corrosion, 2 hr @ 100° C.: 1A
Saybolt Color: +30
Paraffins (GCMS), vol %: 44.8
Naphthenes (GCMS), vol %: 40.4
Aromatics (GCMS), vol %: 14.8
Aniline pt., °C. (°F.): 62.3 (144.1)
Aniline gravity product: 6,600

Range, °C. (°F.): 190-230 (374-446)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 48.7-57.7 (44.5-53.6)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 9.0 (9.1)
Gravity, °API: 45.5
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.7995
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.7991
Molecular weight, g/mole: 160.1
Sulfur, wt %: <0.01
Mercaptan S, ppm: <1
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.03
Kin. visc. @ -20° C., cSt: 6.440
Kin. visc. @ 20° C., cSt: 1.892
Kin. visc. @ 40° C., cSt: 1.280
Aromatics (FIA), vol %: 11.9
Naphthalenes, vol %: 1.36
Freeze pt., °C.: -44.0
Smoke pt., mm: 26.0
Flash pt., °C.: 69.0
Hydrogen content, wt %: 14.11
Copper corrosion, 2 hr @ 100° C.: 1A
Saybolt Color: +30
Paraffins (GCMS), vol %: 46.7
Naphthenes (GCMS), vol %: 40.5
Aromatics (GCMS), vol %: 12.8
Aniline pt., °C. (°F.): 64.9 (148.8)
Aniline gravity product: 6,770
Calculated cetane index: 47.9
Pour pt., °C.: -45
Cloud pt., °C.: -42

Range, °C. (°F.): 230-360 (446-680)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 57.7-83.2 (53.6-80.8)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 25.5 (27.2)
Gravity, °API: 36.2
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.8438
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.8434
Molecular weight, g/mole: 211.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.03
Mercaptan S, ppm: 35
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.08
Kin. visc. @ 40° C., cSt: 3.194
Kin. visc. @ 70° C., cSt: 1.923
Hydrogen content, wt %: 13.39
Copper corrosion, 3 hr @ 50° C.: 1A
Calculated cetane index: 51.7
ASTM Color: L0.5
Paraffins (GCMS), vol %: 42.9
Naphthenes (GCMS), vol %: 39.0
Aromatics (GCMS), vol %: 17.7
Thiophenes (GCMS), vol %: 0.4
Pour pt., °C.: -9
Cloud pt., °C.: -6
Aniline pt., °C.: 72.1

Range, °C. (°F.): 260-360 (500-680)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 67.3-83.2 (63.7-80.8)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 15.9 (17.1)
Gravity, °API: 34.5
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.8522
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.8518
Molecular weight, g/mole: 231.9
Sulfur, wt %: 0.05
Mercaptan S, ppm: 54
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.10
Kin. visc. @ 40° C., cSt: 4.396
Kin. visc. @ 70° C., cSt: 2.460
Hydrogen content, wt %: 13.30
Copper corrosion, 3 hr @ 50° C.: 1A
Calculated cetane index: 52
ASTM Color: L1.0
Paraffins (GCMS), vol %: 45.5
Naphthenes (GCMS), vol %: 37.1
Aromatics (GCMS), vol %: 17.0
Thiophenes (GCMS), vol %: 0.4
Pour pt., °C.: 0
Cloud pt., °C.: 2
Aniline pt., °C.: 75.3

Range, °C. (°F.): 360-450 (680-842)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 83.2-92.3 (80.8-90.9)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 9.1 (10.1)
Gravity, °API: 30.3
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.8745
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.8741
Molecular weight, g/mole: 320.2
Sulfur, wt %: 0.10
Total nitrogen, wt %: 0.049
Basic N, wt %: 0.03
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.07
Kin. visc. @ 70° C., cSt: 7.147
Kin. visc. @ 100° C., cSt: 3.881
Pour pt., °C.: 36
Calculated cetane index: 52.5
ASTM color: L4.5
UOP K factor: 12.2
Aniline pt., °C.: 90.3
Carbon content, wt %: 86.5
Hydrogen content, wt %: 13.4

Range, °C. (°F.): 450-535 (842-995)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 92.3-97.7 (90.9-97.1)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 5.4 (6.2)
Gravity, °API: 23.8
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.9114
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.9109
Molecular weight, g/mole: 441.5
Sulfur, wt %: 0.16
Total nitrogen, wt %: 0.17
Basic N, wt %: 0.05
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.11
Kin. visc. @ 70° C., cSt: 24.95
Kin. visc. @ 100° C., cSt: 10.30
Pour pt., °C.: 48
UOP K factor: 12.2
Aniline pt., °C.: 99
Carbon content, wt %: 86.5
Hydrogen content, wt %: 13.2

Range, °C. (°F.): 360+ (680+)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 83.2-100 (80.8-100)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 16.8 (19.2)
Gravity, °API: 25.0
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.9042
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.9037
Molecular weight, g/mole: 399.8
Sulfur, wt %: 0.17
Total nitrogen, wt %: 0.21
Basic N, wt %: 0.05
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.11
Kin. visc. @ 70° C., cSt: 17.89
Kin. visc. @ 100° C., cSt: 8.082
Pour pt., °C.: 39
Wax content, wt %: 21.2
UOP K factor: 12.0
Conradson C residue, wt %: 2.2
Ash content, wt %: <0.01
Asphaltenes, wt %: 0.30
Gross heating value, MJ/kg: 44.68
Net heating value, MJ/kg: 42.06
Carbon content, wt %: 86.7
Hydrogen content, wt %: 13.0
Aniline pt., °C.: 95.2
V/Ni, ppm: <1/7
Cu/Fe/Na, ppm: <1/<1/2

Range, °C. (°F.): 535+ (995+)
Yield range, vol % (wt %): 97.7-100 (97.1-100)
Yield, vol % (wt %): 2.3 (2.9)
Gravity, °API: 11.9
Sp gr @ 60/60° F.: 0.9870
Density @ 15° C., g/ml: 0.9864
Molecular weight, g/mole: 634.1
Sulfur, wt %: 0.27
Total nitrogen, wt %: 0.53
Basic N, wt %: 0.15
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.14
Kin. visc. @ 70° C., cSt: 725.7
Kin. visc. @ 100° C., cSt: 141.3
Pour pt., °C.: 54
Wax content, wt %: 27.8
UOP K factor: 11.6
Conradson C residue, wt %: 15.1
Ash content, wt %: 0.03
Asphaltenes, wt %: 4.6
Gross heating value, MJ/kg: 43.25
Net heating value, MJ/kg: 40.90
Carbon content, wt %: 88.5
Hydrogen content, wt %: 11.3
Aniline pt., °C.: 105.4
V/Ni, ppm: 3/27
Cu/Fe/Na, ppm: <1/9/3