Based on a sample taken May 23, 2020, Equinor ASA on Dec. 27, 2020, issued a commercial assay of medium-gravity, medium-sulfur Hungo Blend crude from Hungo and Chocalho fields of the $3.4-billion Kizomba A deepwater project in Block 15 offshore Angola.
The latest assay shows Hungo has lowered to 28.8° API gravity from 29.5° API gravity as published in a previous assay issued on Feb. 10, 2017 (based on a Jan. 1, 2016 sample date). In addition to becoming heavier, Hungo’s sulfur content slightly increased to 0.65 wt % from 0.59 wt %.
ExxonMobil Corp. unit Esso Exploration Angola (Block 15) Ltd., the project’s operator, started oil production from Hungo and Chocalho fields in August 2004 from the Kizomba A floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessel in water 1,000-1,280 m deep, about 370 km northwest of Luanda (OGJ Online, Aug. 11, 2004).
Kizomba A’s Hungo and Chocalho fields contain estimated recoverable reserves of 1 billion bbl.
As part of its extension agreement up to 2032 with the Angolan government for Block 15, original development partners in early 2020 proportionally reduced individual ownership interests to include state-owned Sociedade Nacional de Combustíveis de Angola EP (Sonangol) as a new member of the consortium, according to a January 2020 release from Angolan regulator Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis (ANPG) and Equinor’s 2019 annual report to investors.
As of Jan. 27, 2020, but retroactive to Oct. 1, 2019, the Block 15 group consortium now includes operator Esso (36%), BP Exploration (Angola) Ltd. (24%), ENI Angola Exploration BV (18%), Equinor Angola (12%), and Sonangol (10%).
Whole crude
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.882
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 28.8
UOP K factor: 11.9
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.650
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 1.0
Total nitrogen, ppm: 2,496
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 711.000
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.45
Reid vapor pressure, psi: 4.9
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 27.50
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 13.60
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 10.200
Paraffins, wt %: 26.6
Naphthenes, wt %: 41.8
Aromatics, wt %: 31.6
Pour point, °C.: -45
Wax, wt %: 4.0
C7 asphaltenes, wt %: 1.3
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 5.5
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 4.8
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 17.0
Nickel, ppm (wt): 24.0
Methane, ethane, wt %: 0.02
Propane, wt %: 0.39
Isobutane, wt %: 0.25
n-Butane, wt %: 0.91
iso-Pentane, wt %: 0.63
n-Pentane, wt %: 0.85
Cyclopentane, wt %: 0.08
C6 paraffins, wt %: 1.46
C6 naphthenes, wt %: 0.81
Benzene, wt %: 0.04
C7 paraffins, wt %: 1.22
C7 naphthenes, wt %: 1.59
Toulene, wt %: 0.18
Atmospheric distillation
Pentanes to 65° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 2.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 3.2
Cumulative yield, wt %: 3.9
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.643
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 88.5
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.001
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 1.0
RON (clear): 78.7
MON (clear): 78.1
Paraffins, wt %: 96.6
Naphthenes, wt %: 3.4
Hydrogen, wt %: 16.6
65 - 100° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.1
Cumulative yield, wt %: 7.3
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.714
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 66.5
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.002
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 2.7
RON (clear): 59.1
MON (clear): 56.8
Paraffins, wt %: 55.8
Naphthenes, wt %: 43.0
Aromatics, wt %: 1.2
Hydrogen, wt %: 15.3
100 - 150° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 6.1
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.1
Cumulative yield, wt %: 13.4
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.762
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 54.1
UOP K factor: 11.8
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.011
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 2.1
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.02
RON (clear): 62.2
MON (clear): 55.6
Paraffins, wt %: 43.2
Naphthenes, wt %: 45.2
Aromatics, wt %: 11.5
Aniline point, °C.: 51.7
Hydrogen, wt %: 14.3
150 - 200° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 6.5
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.2
Cumulative yield, wt %: 19.9
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.793
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 46.9
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.036
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 2.0
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.09
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 1.31
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 1.01
RON (clear): 50.3
MON (clear): 43.4
Paraffins, wt %: 39.8
Naphthenes, wt %: 42.5
Aromatics, wt %: 17.7
Freeze point, °C.: -71
Smoke point, mm: 24
Cetane index: 37
Naphthalenes, vol %: 0.1
Aniline point, °C.: 55.3
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.9
200 - 250° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 7.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.1
Cumulative yield, wt %: 27.5
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.826
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 39.7
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.090
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 2.1
Total nitrogen, ppm: 3
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 4.815
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.24
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 1.71
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 1.460
Pour point, °C.: -57
Cloud point, °C.: -54
Freeze point, °C.: -51
Smoke point, mm: 21
Cetane index: 42
Naphthalenes, vol %: 1.8
Aniline point, °C.: 61.5
Hydrogen, wt %: 13.3
250 - 300° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 8.3
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.6
Cumulative yield, wt %: 35.8
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.850
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 34.8
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.192
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm: 2.2
Total nitrogen, ppm: 21
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 24.360
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.47
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 3.23
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2.630
Pour point, °C.: -34
Cloud point, °C.: -31
Freeze point, °C.: -28
Smoke point, mm: 17
Cetane index: 49
Naphthalenes, vol %: 5.7
Aniline point, °C.: 66.5
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.7
300 - 350° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 8.5
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.5
Cumulative yield, wt %: 44.2
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.873
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 30.4
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.443
Total nitrogen, ppm: 157
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 89.620
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.65
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 7.05
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 5.380
Pour point, °C.: -8
Cloud point, °C.: -6
Cetane index: 54
Naphthalenes, vol %: 9.4
Aniline point, °C.: 70.1
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.3
350 - 370° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 3.3
Cumulative yield, wt %: 47.6
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.892
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 27.0
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.610
Total nitrogen, ppm: 393
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 165.500
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.72
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 13.50
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 9.670
Pour point, °C.: 6
Cetane index: 56
Aniline point, °C.: 72.6
Hydrogen, wt %: 12.0
370° + C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 52.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 47.4
Cumulative yield, wt %: 100.0
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.974
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 13.7
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 1.090
Total nitrogen, ppm: 4,709
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 1,327.00
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.48
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2,679.000
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 1,122.0
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 93.80
Pour point, °C.: 30
Wax, wt %: 6.5
C7 asphaltenes, wt %: 2.5
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 10.5
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 9.2
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 32.5
Nickel, ppm (wt): 45.7
Vacuum distillation
370 - 450° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 13.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 13.1
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.918
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 22.5
UOP K factor: 11.7
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.670
Total nitrogen, ppm: 848
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 312.000
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.76
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 24.00
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 16.4
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 5.35
Pour point, °C.: 24
Aniline point, °C.: 76.3
Hydrogen, wt %: 11.5
Wax, wt %: 6.8
450 - 500° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 8.4
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.9
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.939
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 19.1
UOP K factor: 11.8
Total sulfur, ppm: 0.810
Total nitrogen, ppm: 1,877
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 576.300
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.73
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 99.90
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 58.8
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 12.80
Pour point, °C.: 40
Aniline point, °C.: 80.6
Hydrogen, wt %: 11.0
Wax, wt %: 7.6
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 0.1
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 0.1
500 - 550° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 7.7
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.1
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.955
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 16.6
UOP K factor: 11.8
Total sulfur, ppm: 1.000
Total nitrogen, ppm: 3,337
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 864.100
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.59
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 461.00
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 233.0
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 33.10
Pour point, °C.: 48
Aniline point, °C.: 83.2
Hydrogen, wt %: 10.6
Wax, wt %: 7.7
C7 asphaltenes, wt %: 0.2
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 1.7
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 1.5
550° + C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 22.6
Yield on crude, vol %: 19.3
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 1.032
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 5.5
UOP K factor: 11.5
Total sulfur, ppm: 1.470
Total nitrogen, ppm: 8,554
Basic nitrogen, ppm: 2,375.200
Total acid no., mg KOH/g: 0.19
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 40,148.00
Vis. at 130° C., cst: 2,867
Pour point, °C.: 69
Wax, wt %: 5.6
C7 asphaltenes, wt %: 5.7
Micro carbon residue, wt %: 23.7
Rams. carbon residue, wt %: 20.7
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 75.1
Nickel, ppm (wt): 105.9