Preliminary assessment of Arab Spring's impact on oil and gas in Egypt, Libya

Jan. 9, 2012

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References

1. British Petroleum, BP Statistical Review of World Energy, London, 2011, pp. 6 & 20.

2. Darbouche, Hakim, "Algeria's Failed Transitions to a Sustainable Polity Coming to Yet Another Crossroads," accessed Nov. 3, 2011 (http://www.medpro-foresight.eu).

3. Dessi, Andrea, "Algeria at the Crossroads, between Continuity and Change," accessed Nov. 3, 2011 (http://www.iai.it).

4. International Energy Agency, World Energy Outlook, Paris, 2011, p. 8.

5. Tunisia itself is a relatively marginal player. However, it is an important transit country because Algerian gas flows across it to Italy through the Trans-Med pipeline.

6. Energy Information Administration, "Country Analysis Briefs—Egypt," accessed Feb. 20, 2011 (http://www.eia.doe.gov).

7. Energy Information Administration, "Facts on Egypt: Oil and Gas," accessed Feb. 14, 2011 (http://www.eia.doe.gov).

8. MacFarquhar, Neil, "Mubarak Faces More Questioning on Gas Deal with Israel," New York Times, Apr. 22, 2011.

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18. Darbouche, Hakim, and Fattough, Bassam, "The Implications of the Arab Uprisings for Oil and Gas Markets," Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, London, 2011, p. 14.

The author

Gawdat Bahgat ([email protected]) is a professor at the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA) at the National Defense University in Washington, DC. His main areas of expertise are energy security and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. He is the author of more than 200 publications, including eight books, many of which have been translated into several languages. His latest book, "Energy Security: An Interdisciplinary Approach," was published by Wiley in 2011. He has a master's degree in Middle Eastern Studies from American University in Cairo and PhD in political science from Florida State University.

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