At the end of 2010, Statoil started up two new fields, Gjoa and Vega, whose production the company blended into its Troll Blend crude stream.
These two new fields, Statoil told Oil & Gas Journal, changed the quality of Troll Blend. To better represent the quality of this blend to its customers, therefore, the company first issued a simulated assay before it received final results from its laboratory.
The company subsequently issued an updated assay of Troll Blend.
Whole crudeC5 to 65° C.API gravity at 60/60° F.: 35.9
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.8452
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.8448
Dry oil density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.8446
Sulfur, mass %: 0.140
Total acid number (TAN), mg KOH/g: 0.44
Reid vapor pressure (RVP), kPa: 43.3
Pour point, °C.: –15
Kinematic vis. at 20° C., cst: 5.74
Kinematic vis. at 40° C., cst: 3.47
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 540
Hydrogen sulfide, mass %: ND1
Vanadium, mg/kg: 0.4
Nickel, mg/kg: 0.4
Sodium (Na), mg/kg: 16.0
Salt as NaCl, mg/l.: 55
Wax content, mass %: <5.0
Flash point, °C.: <10
Water content, mass %: 0.14
65-90° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 2.85
Yield on crude, vol %: 3.64
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.6457
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.6457
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 87.6
Mercaptan sulfur, mg/kg: <3
n-Paraffins, mass %: 48.1
i-Paraffins, mass %: 40.7
Naphthenes, mass %: 8.9
Aromatics (incl. benzene), mass %: 2.3
n-Paraffins, vol %: 49.5
i-Paraffins, vol %: 41.3
Naphthenes, vol %: 7.5
Aromatics (incl. benzene), vol %: 1.6
Vapor pressure (DVPE),1 kPa: 126.5
Research octane number (RON): 78.1
Motor octane number (MON): 76.1
Research octane number (RON): 277.9
Motor octane number (MON): 275.9
90-150° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 3.34
Yield on crude, vol %: 3.80
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.7260
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.7262
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 63.4
Sulfur, mass %: <0.001
Mercaptan sulfur, mg/kg: <3
n-Paraffins, mass %: 20.4
i-Paraffins, mass %: 23.7
Naphthenes, mass %: 48.1
Aromatics (incl. benzene), mass %: 7.8
Benzene, mass %: 6.6
n-Paraffins, vol %: 22.4
i-Paraffins, vol %: 25.6
Naphthenes, vol %: 45.6
Aromatics (incl. benzene), vol %: 6.4
Benzene, vol %: 5.4
Vapor pressure (DVPE),1 kPa: 35.3
Research octane number (RON): 74.0
Motor octane number (MON): 71.9
Research octane number (RON): 273.8
Motor octane number (MON): 271.7
Nitrogen, mg/kg: <1
150-180° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 12.29
Yield on crude, vol %: 13.27
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.7646
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.7648
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 53.5
Sulfur, mass %: <0.001
Mercaptan sulfur, mg/kg: <3
n-Paraffins, mass %: 15.2
i-Paraffins, mass %: 18.1
Naphthenes, mass %: 48.0
Aromatics (incl. benzene), mass %: 18.7
Benzene, mass %: 0.8
n-Paraffins, vol %: 16.7
i-Paraffins, vol %: 19.5
Naphthenes, vol %: 47.5
Aromatics (incl. benzene), vol %: 16.4
Benzene, vol %: 0.7
Flash point, °C.: <10
Nitrogen, mg/kg: <1
180-240° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 5.67
Yield on crude, vol %: 6.04
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.7928
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.7931
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 46.9
Sulfur, mass %: <0.011
Mercaptan sulfur, mg/kg: <3
Copper corrosion: 1a
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: <0.01
n-Paraffins, mass %: 16.0
i-Paraffins, mass %: 22.1
Naphthenes, mass %: 37.8
Aromatics, mass %: 24.1
n-Paraffins, vol %: 17.5
i-Paraffins, vol %: 23.4
Naphthenes, vol %: 37.2
Aromatics, vol %: 21.9
Aromatics (HPLC)1
Total, mass %: 22.7
Monoaromatics, mass %: 22.7
Diaromatics, mass %: <0.1
Polycyclic aromatics, mass %: <0.1
Naphthalenes, vol %: 0.03
Aniline point, °C.: 46.1
Smoke point, mm: 22.0
Flash point, °C.: 36.5
Freezing point, °C.: <–60.0
Cetane index (D-976): 27.1
Calculated cetane index (D-4737): 31.5
Kinematic viscosity at 20° C., cst: 1.10
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 0.77
Nitrogen, mg/kg: <1
Distillation D-86 (50%), °C.: 160.4
240-320° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 11.14
Yield on crude, vol %: 11.45
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.8222
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.8225
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 40.5
Sulfur, mass %: <0.018
Mercaptan sulfur, mg/kg: <3
Copper corrosion: 1a
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: 0.02
Aromatics (HPLC)1
Total, mass %: 22.7
Monoaromatics, mass %: 17.9
Diaromatics, mass %: 4.8
Polycyclic aromatics, mass %: <0.1
Naphthalenes, vol %: 2.95
Aniline point, °C.: 56.0
Smoke point, mm: 20.0
Freezing point, °C.: <–54.0
Cloud point, °C.: <–48
Cold filter plugging point, °C.: <–51
Pour point, °C.: <–48
Cetane number: 42.3
Cetane index (D-976): 38.4
Calculated cetane index (D-4737): 38.5
Kinematic viscosity at 20° C., cst: 1.93
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 1.22
Nitrogen, mg/kg: <1
Distillation D-86 (50%), °C.: 205.9
320-375° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 19.21
Yield on crude, vol %: 18.92
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.8577
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.8581
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 33.4
Sulfur, mass %: <0.059
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: 0.14
Aromatics (HPLC)1
Total, mass %: 27.6
Monoaromatics, mass %: 16.5
Diaromatics, mass %: 10.8
Polycyclic aromatics, mass %: 0.3
Aniline point, °C.: 65.2
Cloud point, °C.: –24
Cold filter plugging point, °C.: –24
Pour point, °C.: –24
Cetane number: 50.8
Cetane index (D-976): 45.6
Calculated cetane index (D-4737): 47.3
Kinematic viscosity at 20° C., cst: 5.22
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 2.60
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 8
Basic nitrogen, mass %: <0.001
Distillation D-86 (50%), °C.: 270.7
375-420° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 11.09
Yield on crude, vol %: 10.60
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.8834
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.8839
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 28.6
Sulfur, mass %: 0.165
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: 0.56
Aromatics (HPLC)1
Total, mass %: 29.7
Monoaromatics, mass %: 17.3
Diaromatics, mass %: 8.9
Polycyclic aromatics, mass %: 3.5
Aniline point, °C.: 75.1
Watson K-factor: 11.7
Cloud point, °C.: 5
Cold filter plugging point, °C.: 4
Pour point, °C.: 6
Cetane number: 57.3
Cetane index (D-976): 47.3
Calculated cetane index (D-4737): 56.4
Conradson carbon residue (CCR), mass %: <0.10
Kinematic viscosity at 20° C., cst: 19.9
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 6.89
Kinematic viscosity at 100° C., cst: 2.40
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 100
Basic nitrogen, mass %: 0.005
Refractive index at 67° C.: 1.472
Distillation D-86 (50%), °C.: 335.3
420-525° C.Yield on crude, mass %: 7.84
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.35
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9008
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.9013
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 25.5
Sulfur, mass %: 0.208
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: 0.79
Aniline point, °C.: 86.4
Watson K-factor: 11.9
Pour point, °C.: 27
Conradson carbon residue, mass %: <0.10
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 14.8
Kinematic viscosity at 100° C., cst: 4.94
Vanadium, mg/kg: <0.1
Nickel, mg/kg: <0.1
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 380
Basic nitrogen, mass %: 0.013
Refractive index at 67° C.: 1.481
375°+ C.Yield on crude, mass %: 14.18
Yield on crude, vol %: 13.12
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9132
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.9137
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 23.4
Sulfur, mass %: 0.253
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: 0.98
Aniline point, °C.: 93.6
Watson K-factor: 11.9
Pour point, °C.: 36
Conradson carbon residue, mass %: <0.10
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 60.5
Kinematic viscosity at 100° C., cst: 9.96
Vanadium, mg/kg: <0.1
Nickel, mg/kg: <0.1
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 830
Basic nitrogen, mass %: 0.026
Refractive index at 67° C.: 1.488
525°+ C.Yield on crude, mass %: 32.93
Yield on crude, vol %: 30.05
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9262
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.9267
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 21.2
Sulfur, mass %: 0.325
Total acid number, mg KOH/g: 0.96
Aniline point, °C.: 94.2
Watson K-factor: 11.9
Pour point, °C.: 39
Conradson carbon residue, mass %: 2.7
Asphaltenes, mass %: <0.50
n-Pentanes insolubles, mass %: 0.8
Ash, mass %: 0.030
Kinematic viscosity at 50° C., cst: 129
Kinematic viscosity at 100° C., cst: 16.9
Vanadium, mg/kg: 1.1
Nickel, mg/kg: 1.2
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 1,600
Basic nitrogen, mass %: 0.048
Refractive index at 67° C.: 1.498
Yield on crude, mass %: 10.92
Yield on crude, vol %: 9.58
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 30.9630
Specific gravity at 60/60° F.: 0.9636
API gravity at 60/60° F., °API: 15.4
Sulfur, mass %: 0.499
Aniline point, °C.: 100.2
Watson K-factor: 11.8
Pour point, °C.: >45
Conradson carbon residue, mass %: 8.9
Asphaltenes, mass %: <0.50
n-Pentanes insolubles, mass %: 2.9
Ash, mass %: 0.052
Kinematic viscosity at 80° C., cst: 454
Kinematic viscosity at 100° C., cst: 157
Vanadium, mg/kg: 3.1
Nickel, mg/kg: 3.7
Nitrogen, mg/kg: 3,480
Basic nitrogen, mass %: 0.108
Penetration at 25° C., 0.1 mm: 300
Composition, mass %Normal paraffinsC4 hydrocarbonsMethane: <0.01
Ethane: 0.04
Propane: 0.30
Butane: 0.74
Pentane: 0.86
Hexane: 0.83
Heptane: 0.82
Octane: 0.90
Nonane: 0.78
Total n-paraffins: 5.26
C5 hydrocarbonsi-Butane: 0.25
C6 hydrocarbonsIsoparaffins
2,2-Dimethylpropane: <0.01
i-Pentane: 0.63
Total C5 i-paraffins: 0.63
Naphthenes
Cyclopentane: 0.14
Isoparaffins
2,2-Dimethylbutane: 0.03
2,3-Dimethylbutane: 0.08
2-Methylpentane: 0.48
3-Methylpentane: 0.29
Total C6 i-paraffins: 0.89
Naphthenes
Methylcyclopentane (incl. 2,2-Dimethylpentane): 0.71
Cyclohexane: 1.19
Total C6 naphthenes: 1.90
Aromatics
Benzene: 0.35
C7 hydrocarbons
C8 hydrocarbonsIsoparaffins
2,2,3-Trimethylbutane: <0.01
3,3-Dimethylpentane: 0.02
2,4-Dimethylpentane: 0.05
2-Methylhexane: 0.27
2,3-Dimethylpentane: 0.09
3-Methylhexane: 0.31
Total C7 i-paraffins: 0.73
Naphthenes
cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane: 0.15
trans-1,3-Dimethylcyclopentane: 0.13
trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane: 0.27
Methylcyclohexane: 2.16
Ethylcyclopentane: 0.10
1,1-Dimethylcyclopentane: 0.09
Total C7 naphthenes: 2.90
Aromatics
Toluene: 0.96
C9 hydrocarbonsIsoparaffins
2,2,4-Trimethylpentane: <0.01
2,5-Dimethylhexane: 0.04
2,4-Dimethylhexane: 0.06
3,4-Dimethylhexane: 0.01
3,3-Dimethylhexane: 0.08
2,3-Dimethylhexane (incl. naphthenic compound): 0.08
2-Methyl-3-ethylpentane: 0.01
2-Methylheptane: 0.27
4-Methylheptane: 0.10
3-Methylheptane: 4<0.01
2,3,4-Trimethylpentane: 0.01
Total C8 isoparaffins: 0.67
Naphthenes
1,1,3-Trimethylcyclopentane (incl. 2,2-Dimethylhexane): 0.09
trans, cis-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentane: <0.01
trans,cis-1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentane: 0.08
trans-1,4-Dimethylcyclohexane: 0.18
1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane: 0.06
trans-1-Methyl-3-ethylcyclopentane: 0.03
cis-1-Methyl-3-ethylcyclopentane: 0.03
trans-1-Methyl-2-ethylcyclopentane: 0.07
trans-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane: 0.21
2-Propylcyclopentane: 0.02
cis-1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane: 0.09
Ethylcyclohexane: 0.56
1-Propylcyclopentane: 0.07
cis,cis-1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentane: <0.01
1-Methyl-1-ethylcyclopentane: 0.01
cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane (incl. naphthenic compound): 40.63
Total C8 naphthenes: 2.13
Aromatics
Ethylbenzene: 0.25
m-Dimethylbenzene (m-xylene): 0.74
p-Dimethylbenzene (p-xylene): 0.29
o-Dimethylbenzene (o-xylene): 0.30
Total C8 aromatics: 1.58
Total identified: 19.57Total unidentified: 0.16Total C10+: 80.27Isoparaffins
3,5-Dimethylheptane: 0.12
4-Methyloctane: 0.09
2-Methyloctane: 0.13
3-Methyloctane: 0.16
2,3,4-Trimethylhexane: <0.01
Unidentified paraffin: 0.05
Total C9 i-paraffins: 0.56
Naphthenes
1,1,3-Trimethylcyclohexane: 0.14
1-Methyl-2-propylcyclopentane: 0.05
1-Methyl-3-ethylcyclohexane: 0.18
1-Methyl-4-ethylcyclohexane: 0.12
1,1,4-Trimethylcyclohexane: 0.07
Unidentified naphthenes: 0.06
Total C9 naphthenes: 0.62
1ND= not detectable; HPLC = high performance liquid chromatography; DVPE = dry vapor pressure equivalent. 2Corrected in accordance with EN 228. 3Calculated density for 525°+ fraction. 4Not possible to distinguish between 3-Methylheptane and cis-1,3-Dimethylcyclohexane.
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