BP Oil International Ltd., a subsidiary of BP PLC, has published an assay for Basrah Heavy crude oil based on a sample taken June 4, 2015.
Issuance of the new assay follows a 2015 decision by Iraq's Ministry of Oil to split crude oil production from its southern fields into separate light and heavy streams for marketing purposes beginning in May 2015.
Creation of the separate Basrah Heavy stream came amid customer complaints of quality deterioration in Basrah Light supplies as increased Iraqi production resulted in a heavier crude mix.
BP, which leads Rumaila Operating Organization (ROO) on behalf of partners PetroChina Co. Ltd., South Oil Co., and Iraq's State Oil Marketing Organization (SOMO), produces Basrah Heavy from Rumaila field, 50 km west of Basra in southern Iraq (OGJ Online, Dec. 17, 2015).
Currently producing at 1.35 million b/d, total Rumaila output averaged 1.31 million b/d in 2015, said ROO.
With a lower gravity and higher sulfur content than its lighter counterpart, Basrah Heavy ships via pipeline from southern production fields to load for export at the Al Basra and Khor al-Amaya oil terminals, according to ExxonMobil Corp., which also produces the grade as lead operator of the West Qurna 1 rehabilitation.
Whole crude
API gravity at 60/60° F.: 23.7
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9111
Total sulfur, wt %: 4.120
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm (wt): 26
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 2,000.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 566
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.300
Vis. at 20° C., cst: 59.06
Vis. at 30° C., cst: 37.55
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 25.320
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 17.930
Pour point, °C.: -51
Wax, wt %: 3.0
Carbon residue, wt %: 9.80
Asphaltenes, wt %: 5.9
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 93
Nickel, ppm (wt): 24
Iron, ppm (wt): 50
Ethane, wt %: 0.01
Propane, wt %: 0.16
Isobutane, wt %: 0.12
n-Butane, wt %: 0.59
Isopentane, wt %: 0.56
n-Pentane, wt %: 0.85
Cyclopentane, wt %: 0.04
C6 paraffins, wt %: 1.91
C6 naphthenes, wt %: 0.33
Benzene, wt %: 0.06
Light naphtha, C5 to 95° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 4.89
Yield on crude, vol %: 6.64
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.6702
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.012
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm (wt): 99
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.022
Paraffins, wt %: 86.14
Naphthenes, wt %: 12.64
Aromatics, wt %: 1.22
n-Paraffins, wt %: 36.94
Research octane no.: 64
Heavy naphtha, 95-149° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 5.88
Yield on crude, vol %: 7.20
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.7430
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.075
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm (wt): 76
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.082
Paraffins, wt %: 60.75
Naphthenes, wt %: 26.17
Aromatics, wt %: 13.08
n-Paraffins, wt %: 29.31
Research octane no.: 44
149-175° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 3.39
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.03
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.7652
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.233
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm (wt): 85
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 0.1
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.147
Paraffins, wt %: 65.13
Naphthenes, wt %: 18.24
Aromatics, wt %: 16.63
n-Paraffins, wt %: 33.51
Research octane no.: 22
Kerosine, 175-232° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 7.58
Yield on crude, vol %: 8.64
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.7975
Total sulfur, wt %: 0.417
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm (wt): 25
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 0.5
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.097
Vis. at 40° C., cst: 1.273
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 0.9936
Smoke point, mm: 25.5
Aromatics, vol %: 18.4
Naphthalenes, wt %: 0.57
Freezing point, °C.: -49.5
Cetane index (ASTM D4737-90): 47.2
Refractive index at 70° C.: 1.4239
Light gas oil, 232-342° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 15.32
Yield on crude, vol %: 16.25
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.8567
Total sulfur, wt %: 2.070
Mercaptan sulfur, ppm (wt): 25
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 46.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 26
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.240
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 2.860
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 1.330
Aromatics, wt %: 30.50
Smoke point, mm: 16.1
Aromatics, vol %: 27.1
Naphthalenes, wt %: 8.60
Pour point, °C.: -18
Cloud point, °C.: -18
Freezing point, °C.: -15.0
Cetane index (ASTM D4737-90): 49.5
Refractive index at 70° C.: 1.4583
Wax, wt %: 1.6
Heavy gas oil, 342-369° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 4.32
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.34
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9058
Total sulfur, wt %: 3.630
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 300.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 105
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.720
Vis. at 50° C., cst: 8.346
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 2.654
Pour point, °C.: 3
Cloud point, °C.: 4
Cetane index (ASTM D4737-90): 48.9
Refractive index at 70° C.: 1.4822
Aniline point, °C.: 64.9
Wax, wt %: 5.6
Light vacuum gas oil, 369-509° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 21.78
Yield on crude, vol %: 20.88
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9482
Total sulfur, wt %: 4.210
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 1,000.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 325
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.260
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 37.0800
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 9.029
Pour point, °C.: 24
Refractive index at 70° C.: 1.5078
Aniline point, °C.: 68.9
Wax, wt %: 7.1
Carbon residue, wt %: 0.31
Heavy vacuum gas oil, 509-550° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 5.87
Yield on crude, vol %: 5.42
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 0.9862
Total sulfur, wt %: 5.360
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 2,200.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 610
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.270
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 553.9000
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 58.030
Refractive index at 70° C.: 1.5348
Aniline point, °C.: 73.0
Wax, wt %: 5.5
Carbon residue, wt %: 3.77
550-585° C.
Yield on crude, wt %: 4.58
Yield on crude, vol %: 4.11
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 1.0120
Total sulfur, wt %: 5.870
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 2,900.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 770
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.300
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 1,967.0000
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 158.000
Aniline point, °C.: 74.5
Wax, wt %: 4.3
Carbon residue, wt %: 7.64
Atmospheric residue (369°-FBP)
Yield on crude, wt %: 57.71
Yield on crude, vol %: 51.44
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 1.0201
Total sulfur, wt %: 6.240
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 3,500.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 966
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.190
Vis. at 60° C., cst: 3,354.0000
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 243.400
Vis. at 120° C., cst: 98.32
Pour point, °C.: 27
Wax, wt %: 4.7
Carbon residue, wt %: 16.90
Asphaltenes, wt %: 10.1
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 162
Nickel, ppm (wt): 41
Iron, ppm (wt): 87
Vacuum residue, 509°-FBP
Yield on crude, wt %: 35.93
Yield on crude, vol %: 30.56
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 1.0692
Total sulfur, wt %: 7.470
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 5,000.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 1,353
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.150
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 21,610.000
Vis. at 120° C., cst: 4,302.00
Vis. at 150° C., cst: 682.2
Pour point, °C.: 93
Wax, wt %: 3.2
Carbon residue, wt %: 27.00
Asphaltenes, wt %: 16.2
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 259
Nickel, ppm (wt): 66
Iron, ppm (wt): 140
550°-FBP
Yield on crude, wt %: 30.06
Yield on crude, vol %: 25.14
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 1.0871
Total sulfur, wt %: 7.880
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 5,500.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 1,499
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.120
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 164,000.000
Vis. at 120° C., cst: 23,390.00
Vis. at 150° C., cst: 2,541.0
Pour point, °C.: 108
Wax, wt %: 2.7
Carbon residue, wt %: 31.50
Asphaltenes, wt %: 19.1
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 310
Nickel, ppm (wt): 79
Iron, ppm (wt): 167
585°-FBP
Yield on crude, wt %: 25.48
Yield on crude, vol %: 21.03
Density at 15° C., kg/l.: 1.1017
Total sulfur, wt %: 8.250
Total nitrogen, ppm (wt): 6,000.0
Basic nitrogen, ppm (wt): 1,630
Acidity, mg KOH/g: 0.090
Vis. at 100° C., cst: 1,991,000.000
Vis. at 120° C., cst: 188,600.00
Vis. at 150° C., cst: 12,870.0
Pour point, °C.: 117
Wax, wt %: 2.5
Carbon residue, wt %: 35.80
Asphaltenes, wt %: 21.8
Vanadium, ppm (wt): 364
Nickel, ppm (wt): 93
Iron, ppm (wt): 196
