Building on past lessons in the US and successful efforts in Estonia, China, and Brazil, developers of oil shale technology are defining, testing, and demonstrating new approaches that overcome past technical issues such as energy use, thermal efficiency, oil yield, gas richness, water use, spent-shale management, emissions controls, and groundwater protection.These new technologies also take into account the complications posed by global climate change.More thermally efficient technologies require less energy input, produce higher yields, improve produced shale oil and gas quality, reduce and manage carbon emissions, and protect the environment. These and other innovations promise to imp...